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Jasenovac extermination camp
Jasenovac was a concentration and extermination camp established in the village of the same name by the authorities of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) in occupied Yugoslavia during World War II. The concentration camp, one of the ten largest in Europe, was established and operated by the governing Ustaše regime, Europe's only Nazi collaborationist regime that operated its own extermination camps for Serbs, Jews and other ethnic groups. It quickly grew into the third largest concentration camp in Europe.
The camp was established in August 1941, in marshland at the confluence of the Sava and Una rivers near the village of Jasenovac, and was dismantled in April 1945. It was "notorious for its barbaric practices and the large number of victims". Unlike German Nazi-run camps, Jasenovac lacked the infrastructure for mass-murder, such as gas chambers and in turn "specialized in one-on-one violence of a particularly brutal kind", and prisoners were primarily murdered with the use of knives, hammers, axes or shot.
Sends a prisoner: from Camp 9
Egon Schwartz, Zagreb. Date: 23.9.1943
On a second stamp is written: Jasenovac,
Address: Medveschak and number 62
Checked by office. No postage charges
Please send me whatever food you can. About this, inform Mrs. Kucinitz, 29A Street, who used to send me before, good health to everyone
Writing is a reward for work and good behavior and you get a package
On a registered stamp checked by an office.
Stara Gradiška concentration camp
Stara Gradiška was a concentration and extermination camp in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) during World War II. The camp was specially constructed for women and children of Serb, Jewish and Romani ethnicity. Victims also included communist and anti-fascist Croats and Bosniaks. It was established by the Ustasha regime in 1941 at the Stara Gradiška prison near the eponymous village as the fifth subcamp of the Jasenovac concentration camp.